Transformation of instruments of pressure on Russian religious associations in the 2000s

Abstract

The article considers the mechanisms of regulation of religious life by state structures, the use of various methods of restricting the activities of religious associations in Russia, the emergence of new instruments of pressing the believers and religious organizations at the level of legislation and law enforcement in 2000–2022. It analyzes the correspondence of these mechanisms to the goals declared during their preparation and the effectiveness of their application, as well as the consequences of using these mechanisms for the religious organizations themselves, both traditional and religious minorities. The author also reviews the consequences of state pressure on religious associations on the state of religious freedom in the country and the level of public and state security. Furthermore is referring to the application of anti-extremist legislation to religious associations, changes to the law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations” and other legislation regulating the religious sphere, as well as the inappropriate bringing of representatives of various religious organizations to criminal and administrative liability.