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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religiosa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Studia Religiosa Rossica: научный журнал о религии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-4158</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-4158-2025-1-53-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religiosa-399</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спиритуалистическая метафизика в истории отечественной экспериментальной психологии конца XIX столетия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spiritualistic metaphysics in the history of Russian experimental psychology of the late 19th century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раздъяконов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razdyakonov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав С. Раздъяконов, доктор философских наук</p><p>125047, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav S. Razdyakonov, Dr. of Sci. (Philosophy)</p><p>6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">razdyakonov.vladislav@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Раздъяконов В.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Раздъяконов В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Razdyakonov V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/399">https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/399</self-uri><abstract><p>В фокусе внимания статьи – исследовательская программа Русского общества экспериментальной психологии под руководством биолога Николая Петровича Вагнера. Деятельность общества рассматривается в контексте становления экспериментальной психологии конца XIX столетия. Его появление было обусловлено, с одной стороны, научными убеждениями Н.П. Вагнера, полагавшего, что изучение психики при помощи методов экспериментальной психологии может дать новые сведения о природе человека. С другой стороны, интерес Н.П. Вагнера к парапсихологии, опиравшейся на физическую, биологическую и психологическую теории, был продиктован его спиритуалистическими воззрениями. Придерживаясь концепции духовной эволюции, утверждавшей целесообразный характер эволюционного процесса, Н.П. Вагнер стремился выявить особенности человека, которые бы свидетельствовали в пользу сохранения его индивидуальности после смерти биологического организма. Русское общество экспериментальной психологии охарактеризовано как первое отечественное парапсихологическое общество. Исследовательская программа общества, усматривавшего своей конечной целью доказательство истинности предметов веры, охарактеризована как находящаяся на пересечении естественно-научной методологии и естественной теологии, чем объясняется, в частности, повышенный интерес к деятельности общества со стороны деятелей русской религиозной философии, занимавшихся разработкой проблем психологии с идеалистической точки зрения. Изучение материалов общества и, прежде всего, материалов Н.П. Вагнера, размышлявшего о создании оригинального подхода к исследованию субъективных явлений психики, показывает необходимость для историков психологии обращаться к истории религии, в частности истории эзотеризма, способной прояснить мотивы некоторых научных поисков в рамках экспериментальной психологии конца XIX столетия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the research program of the Russian Society of Experimental Psychology headed by the Russian biologist Nikolai Petrovich Wagner. The activity of the society is considered in the context of the formation of experimental psychology in the late 19th century. On the one hand, its emergence was due to Wagner’s scientific convictions, who believed that the study of the psyche with the methods of experimental psychology could provide new information about human nature. On the other hand, Wagner’s interest in parapsychological concepts, which defined a boundary area between physics, biology and psychology, was due to his spiritualist views on human nature. Adhering to the concept of spiritual evolution, which asserted the teleological nature of the evolutionary process, Wagner sought to identify human characteristics, that would argue in favour of preserving his individuality after the death of the biological organism. The Russian Society of Experimental Psychology should be considered as the first Russian parapsychological society. The research program of the Society, which considered the proof of human immortality as its final goal, is characterized as being at the junction of natural-scientific methodology and natural theology. This thesis explains the increased interest in the Society’s activities on the part of famous Russian religious philosophers, who were deeply interested in resolving problems of psychology from an idealistic point of view. The sources of the Society and, first of all, the archival sources of N.P. Wagner, who reflected on the creation of an original approach to the study of subjective phenomena of the psyche, shows the necessity for historians of psychology to turn to the history of religion, in particular, the history of esotericism, which can clarify the motives of some scientific searches within the framework of experimental psychology of the late 19th century.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спиритуализм</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная психология</kwd><kwd>история биологии</kwd><kwd>история эзотеризма</kwd><kwd>религиозная антропология</kwd><kwd>Н.П. Вагнер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spiritualism</kwd><kwd>experimental psychology</kwd><kwd>history of biology</kwd><kwd>history of esotericism</kwd><kwd>religious anthropology</kwd><kwd>N.P. 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