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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religiosa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Studia Religiosa Rossica: научный журнал о религии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-4158</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-4158-2023-4-88-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religiosa-270</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Papers</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Амбедкариты и сакрализация Б.Р. Амбедкара в современной Индии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ambedkarites and sacralization of B.R. Ambedkar in modern India</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербак</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbak</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Б. Щербак</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр-кт, д. 32А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria B. Shcherbak</p><p>32A, Leninsky Av., Moscow, 119334</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariam.net@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт этнологии и антропологии им. Н.Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щербак М.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щербак М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shcherbak M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/270">https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/270</self-uri><abstract><p>Бхимрао Рамджи Амбедкар (1891–1956) – один из важнейших политических деятелей Индии, родившийся в касте махаров, получивший блестящее западное образование и выступавший за отмену кастовой дискриминации, является чрезвычайно значимой фигурой для зарегистрированных каст современной Индии. Подарив угнетенным кастам возможность обрести новую социальную идентичность через принятие буддизма, Амбедкар сделался в их глазах героем-освободителем. Внимание к личности и наследию Амбедкара стало неуклонно расти на фоне прихода в политику выходцев из зарегистрированных каст, оппозиционных политике хиндутвы. В настоящее время значимость личности Б.Р. Амбедкара для индийской нации признается на самом высоком государственном уровне. Лидеры страны открывают новые мемориальные музейные комплексы, памятники, ссылаются на работы Амбедкара в публичных выступлениях. С нашей точки зрения, можно говорить о включении Б.Р. Амбедкара в своеобразный политический пантеон «великих лидеров прошлого». Основываясь на концепции Э. Бернса об эвгемеризации политических лидеров, а также проводя анализ печатных и скульптурных изображений Амбедкара, ритуальной практики и фольклора амбедкаритов, автор описывает механизмы сакрализации Б.Р. Амбедкара в повседневной жизни некоторых зарегистрированных каст современной Республики Индия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956), a Dalit leader born in the caste of Mahars, received an excellent Western education and advocated the abolition of caste discrimination, is an extremely significant person in the scheduled caste community of modern India. Having given the oppressed castes the opportunity to acquire a new social identity through the adoption of Buddhism, Ambedkar became in their eyes a hero-liberator. Attention to the personality and legacy of Ambedkar began to grow steadily against the background of the arrival in politics of people from the scheduled castes, who were opposed to the politics of hindutva. At present, the significance of the personality of B.R. Ambedkar for the Indian nation is recognized at the highest state level. The leaders of the country open new memorial museum complexes, monuments, refer to the works of Ambedkar in public speeches. From our point of view, we can talk about the inclusion of B.R. Ambedkar in a kind of political pantheon of «great leaders of the past». Basing on the concept of E. Burns of the euhemerization of political leaders, as well as analyzing printed and sculptural images of Ambedkar, ritual practices and folklore of the ambedkarite community, the author describes the mechanisms of sacralization of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar in the modern Republic of India.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Амбедкар</kwd><kwd>далиты</kwd><kwd>амбедкариты</kwd><kwd>сакрализация</kwd><kwd>эвгемеризация</kwd><kwd>эвгемер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>B.R. Ambedkar</kwd><kwd>dalits</kwd><kwd>ambedkarites</kwd><kwd>sacralization</kwd><kwd>euhemerization</kwd><kwd>euhemer</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья публикуется в рамках работы над проектом РНФ 22–28–00505 «Особые миры» Индии: малые народы и социальные группы. Этнокультурные стратегии сохранения и сглаживания различий», 2022–2023 гг.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article is published the framework of the project RSF 22–28–00505 «Special Worlds» of India: small peoples and social groups. Ethnocultural Strategies for Preserving and Smoothing Differences», 2022–2023.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берн 2015 – Берн Э. Лидер и группа: о структуре и динамике групп и организаций. М.: Бомбора, 2015. 350 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beltz, J. 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