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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religiosa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Studia Religiosa Rossica: научный журнал о религии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-4158</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-4158-2023-4-38-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religiosa-267</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Papers</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Босые дворяне»: наяры глазами венецианцев второй половины XVI в.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>«The Barefoot Noblemen»: the Nayars as seen by the Venetians of the second half of the 16th century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Возчиков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vozchikov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий В. Возчиков, кандидат исторических наук, доцент</p><p>Екатеринбург, 620000, ул. Тургенева, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Vozchikov, Cand. of Sci. (History), associate professor</p><p>4, Turgeneva St., Yekaterinburg, 620000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">catullus89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Возчиков Д.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Возчиков Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vozchikov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/267">https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/267</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается образ воинской кастовой группы наяров Южной Индии (главным образом города Кочин, древнего центра морской торговли) в травелогах двух венецианских купцов XVI в., Чезаре Федеричи и Гаспаро Бальби; сравниваются особенности восприятия этого сообщества глазами этих авторов, а также в текстах близких по времени португальских сочинений. Оба купца видели в наярах аналог европейского дворянства, благородных воинов, преданных своему королю, храбрых и презирающих смерть; оба отмечали использование ими в бою меча и круглого щита, наличие «общих женщин», постоянное хождение босиком. Сообщения Бальби о наярах отличаются большим вниманием к гипергамным связям наярских женщин и брахманов. Также Бальби старался вписать сложное индуистское общество в характерную для средневекового Запада трифункциональную схему. Хотя авторы венецианских травелогов во многом следовали португальским нарративным трафаретам, их описание сохранило ряд уникальных деталей повседневной жизни общества Кералы того времени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the imagery of the Nayar (Nair) warrior caste group in two famous 16th century Venetian travelogues. These accounts were written by the merchants Cesare Federici (traveled in the Middle East and Asia in 1563–1581) and Gasparo Balbi (traveled in 1576–1588). Their descriptive particularities are compared with the ones of some Portuguese accounts of South Asia. Federici and Babli both linked their Nayar accounts to Cochin (Kochi), an ancient city, which thrived of maritime commerce. For the merchants, the Nayars seemed analogous to the European nobility, these recklessly brave noble warriors were always loyal to their king, despised death, walked barefoot, used sword and rondache in combat and had «common women». Federici told about his personal communication with one of them. Balbi’s Nayar account is distinguished by his particular attention to the hypergamic relations between the Nayar women and Brahmin men. Balbi tried to observe the complex Hindu society of the South through the lens of the European trifunctional model. Although these Venetian authors proved to be partly dependent on the Portuguese descriptive pattern of India, their accounts contained some unique details of everyday life of 16thcentury Kerala.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наяры</kwd><kwd>индуизм</kwd><kwd>Керала</kwd><kwd>Кочин (Кочи)</kwd><kwd>Венецианская республика</kwd><kwd>Чезаре Федеричи</kwd><kwd>Гаспаро Бальби</kwd><kwd>путешествия раннего Нового времени</kwd><kwd>ориентализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nayars</kwd><kwd>Hinduism</kwd><kwd>Kerala</kwd><kwd>Cochin (Kochi)</kwd><kwd>Republic of Venice</kwd><kwd>Cesare Federici</kwd><kwd>Gasparo Balbi</kwd><kwd>early modern travels</kwd><kwd>Orientalism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Базиленко 2010 – Базиленко И.В. 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