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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">religiosa</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Studia Religiosa Rossica: научный журнал о религии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-4158</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-4158-2023-2-111-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">religiosa-222</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Papers</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Социальные формы,  созданные или измененные протестантизмом в XVI – первой половине XIX в.: обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Social forms created or modified by Protestantism in the 16th – first half of the 19th centuries. An overview</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куропаткина (Зеленова)</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuropatkina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана В. Куропаткина (Зеленова), кандидат культурологии, доцент</p><p>125047, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Kuropatkina (Zelenova), Cand. of Sci. (Cultural Studies), associate professor</p><p>bld. 6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">piatved@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куропаткина (Зеленова) О.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куропаткина (Зеленова) О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuropatkina O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/222">https://srr.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/222</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе сделан обзор социальных форм, созданных или измененных протестантизмом в XVI – первой половине XIX в. Показано, что протестантизм не только использовал прежние социальные формы, но и создавал новые, которые легли в основу западного общества нового типа – гражданского общества. Дан обзор уже существовавших социальных форм: сельскохозяйственных коммун, сословных органов и профессиональных корпораций, партий, школ и университетов, церковных общин. Сельскохозяйственная коммуна стала уделом закрытых групп, которые создавали свой мини-социум. Дворянские объединения, городские собрания, объединения по профессиональному признаку, включая неформальные объединения священнослужителей (контубернии), партии стали площадкой для лютеран и кальвинистов. Протестантские школы выполняли не только просветительскую, но и миссионерскую функцию, университеты использовались для подготовки пасторов и проповедников и формирования протестантской интеллектуальной элиты. Протестантская церковная община породила такие социальные формы, как малые домашние группы, коллегии, комиссии и комитеты. Просветительские и дискуссионные клубы активно использовались кальвинистами во время Нидерландской и Английской революций. Социальное творчество протестантов было призвано укрепить протестантизм в обществе и содействовать созданию «нового человека», воспитанного в протестантской доктрине.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article provides an overview of the social forms created or changed by Protestantism in the 16th – first half of the 19th centuries. It is shown that Protestantism not only used the old social forms, but also created new ones that formed the basis of a new type of Western society – civil society. An overview of already existing social forms is given: agricultural communes, representative assemblies and professional corporations, parties, schools and universities, church communities. The agricultural commune became the lot of closed groups that created their own mini-society. Noble and city assemblies, professional associations including informal associations of clergy (contubernias), parties became a platform for Lutherans and Calvinists. Protestant schools performed not only an educational but also a missionary function, universities were used to train pastors and preachers and to form a Protestant intellectual elite. The Protestant church community gave rise to such social forms as small home groups, colleges, commissions and committees. Educational and discussion clubs were actively used by Calvinists during the Dutch and English revolutions. The social creativity of the Protestants was intended to strengthen Protestantism in society and to promote the creation of a “new human” brought up in the Protestant doctrine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Реформация</kwd><kwd>протестантизм</kwd><kwd>кальвинизм</kwd><kwd>социальные формы</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственная церковь</kwd><kwd>домашние группы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Reformation</kwd><kwd>Protestantism</kwd><kwd>Calvinism</kwd><kwd>Social Forms</kwd><kwd>Agricultural Commune</kwd><kwd>Church</kwd><kwd>Home Groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крикк 1991 – Крикк М. История Эстонии до конца периода национального пробуждения. Таллинн: ТТУ, 1991. 20 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrews, E.D. and Andrews, F. 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